Cetoteron may be available in the countries listed below.
Cyproterone 17α-acetate (a derivative of Cyproterone) is reported as an ingredient of Cetoteron in the following countries:
International Drug Name Search
Chlormethine Hydrochloride may be available in the countries listed below.
Chlormethine Hydrochloride (BANM) is also known as Chlormethine (Rec.INN)
International Drug Name Search
Glossary
| BANM | British Approved Name (Modified) |
| Rec.INN | Recommended International Nonproprietary Name (World Health Organization) |
Generic Name: ethotoin (ETH oh toyn)
Brand Names: Peganone
Ethotoin is an anti-epileptic medication, also called an anticonvulsant.
Ethotoin is used alone or in combination with other medications to treat seizures in adults and children.
Ethotoin may also be used for other purposes not listed in this medication guide.
You may have thoughts about suicide while taking this medication. Your doctor will need to check you at regular visits. Do not miss any scheduled appointments.
Call your doctor at once if you have any new or worsening symptoms such as: mood or behavior changes, depression, anxiety, or if you feel agitated, hostile, restless, hyperactive (mentally or physically), or have thoughts about suicide or hurting yourself.
Contact your doctor if your seizures get worse or you have them more often while taking ethotoin.
If you have any of these other conditions, you may need a dose adjustment or special tests to safely take ethotoin:
lupus;
liver disease; or
folic acid (or folate) deficiency.
You may have thoughts about suicide while taking this medication. Tell your doctor if you have new or worsening depression or suicidal thoughts during the first several months of treatment, or whenever your dose is changed.
Your family or other caregivers should also be alert to changes in your mood or symptoms. Your doctor will need to check you at regular visits. Do not miss any scheduled appointments.
If you become pregnant while taking ethotoin for seizures, do not stop taking it without your doctor's advice. Seizure control is very important during pregnancy and the benefits of preventing seizures may outweigh any risks posed by taking ethotoin.
If you have taken ethotoin during pregnancy, be sure to tell the doctor who delivers your baby about your ethotoin use. Both you and the baby may need to receive medications to prevent excessive bleeding during delivery and just after birth.
Your name may need to be listed on a pregnancy registry if you take ethotoin during pregnancy. The purpose of this registry is to track the outcome of the pregnancy and delivery to evaluate whether the medication had any effect on the baby.
Take this medication exactly as it was prescribed for you. Do not take the medication in larger amounts, or take it for longer than recommended by your doctor. Follow the directions on your prescription label.
If you are switching to ethotoin from another anticonvulsant medication, carefully follow your doctor's instructions about timing and dosage when switching from one drug to another. Your doctor may occasionally change your dose over several weeks or months to make sure you get the best results from this medication.
To be sure your blood cells do not get too low, your blood may need to be tested on a regular basis while taking ethotoin. Your liver function may also need to be tested. Do not miss any scheduled appointments.
Contact your doctor if your seizures get worse or you have them more often while taking ethotoin.
It is important to use ethotoin regularly to get the most benefit. Get your prescription refilled before you run out of medicine completely.
Take the missed dose as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and take the medicine at your next regularly scheduled time. Do not take extra medicine to make up the missed dose.
Overdose symptoms may include vision changes, nausea, vomiting, extreme drowsiness, and trouble standing or walking.
Call your doctor at once if you have any new or worsening symptoms such as: mood or behavior changes, depression, anxiety, or if you feel agitated, hostile, restless, hyperactive (mentally or physically), or have thoughts about suicide or hurting yourself.
chest pain;
vision problems;
signs of infection such as fever, chills, sore throat, flu symptoms, easy bruising or bleeding (nosebleeds, bleeding gums), mouth sores, unusual weakness;
nausea, stomach pain, low fever, loss of appetite, dark urine, clay-colored stools, jaundice (yellowing of the skin or eyes);
joint pain or swelling with fever, swollen glands, muscle aches, chest pain;
patchy skin color, red spots, or a butterfly-shaped skin rash over your cheeks and nose (worsens in sunlight);
fever, sore throat, and headache with a severe blistering, peeling, and red skin rash; or
worsening of seizures.
Less serious side effects may include:
dizziness, headache, tired feeling;
vomiting, diarrhea;
swelling in your gums;
sleep problems (insomnia); or
lack of balance or coordination.
This is not a complete list of side effects and others may occur. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.
Before taking ethotoin, tell your doctor about all other medications you use, especially:
medicine to prevent blood clots, such as ticlopidine (Ticlid) or warfarin (Coumadin);
an antibiotic such as dapsone, penicillamine (Cuprimine, Depen), pentamidine (Nebupent), rifapentine (Priftin);
an antidepressant such as amitriptyline (Elavil, Etrafon), doxepin (Sinequan), imipramine (Janimine, Tofranil), maprotiline (Ludiomil), mirtazapine (Remeron), nortriptyline (Pamelor), and others;
heart rhythm medication such as flecainide (Tambocor), procainamide (Procan, Pronestyl), or propafenone (Rythmol);
medicines to treat psychiatric disorders, such as chlorpromazine (Thorazine), clozapine (Clozaril, FazaClo), loxapine (Loxitane), perphenazine (Trilafon), pimozide (Orap), prochlorperazine (Compazine), thiothixene (Navane), and others;
an NSAID (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug) such as ibuprofen (Motrin, Advil), naproxen (Aleve, Naprosyn), diclofenac (Cataflam, Voltaren), etodolac (Lodine), indomethacin (Indocin), and others;
other seizure medication such as carbamazepine (Carbatrol, Tegretol), divalproex (Depakote), felbamate (Felbatol), primidone (Mysoline), phenytoin (Dilantin), or valproic acid (Depakene);
a sulfa drug such as Bactrim, Septra, Cotrim, SMX-TMP;
thyroid replacement medication such as levothyroxine (Levothroid, Synthroid); or
type 2 diabetes medications such as chlorpropamide (Diabinese), glimepiride (Amaryl), glipizide (Glucotrol), tolazamide (Tolnase), tolbutamide (Orinase).
This list is not complete and there may be other drugs that can interact with ethotoin. Tell your doctor about all the prescription and over-the-counter medications you use. This includes vitamins, minerals, herbal products, and drugs prescribed by other doctors. Do not start using a new medication without telling your doctor.
See also: ethotoin side effects (in more detail)
Cisplatine Ebewe may be available in the countries listed below.
Cisplatin is reported as an ingredient of Cisplatine Ebewe in the following countries:
International Drug Name Search
Tropargal may be available in the countries listed below.
Diazepam is reported as an ingredient of Tropargal in the following countries:
Nortriptyline hydrochloride (a derivative of Nortriptyline) is reported as an ingredient of Tropargal in the following countries:
International Drug Name Search
In the US, proctoFoam (pramoxine topical) is a member of the drug class topical anesthetics and is used to treat Anal Itching, Hemorrhoids and Pain.
US matches:
Pramocaine hydrochloride (a derivative of Pramocaine) is reported as an ingredient of proctoFoam in the following countries:
International Drug Name Search
Sevikar may be available in the countries listed below.
UK matches:
Amlodipine besilate (a derivative of Amlodipine) is reported as an ingredient of Sevikar in the following countries:
Olmesartan Medoxomil is reported as an ingredient of Sevikar in the following countries:
International Drug Name Search
Glossary
| SPC | Summary of Product Characteristics (UK) |
Cetrexidin may be available in the countries listed below.
Cetrimide is reported as an ingredient of Cetrexidin in the following countries:
Chlorhexidine digluconate (a derivative of Chlorhexidine) is reported as an ingredient of Cetrexidin in the following countries:
International Drug Name Search
In some countries, this medicine may only be approved for veterinary use.
In the US, Dobutrex (dobutamine systemic) is a member of the following drug classes: cardiac stressing agents, catecholamines, inotropic agents, vasopressors and is used to treat Heart Failure and Shock.
US matches:
Dobutamine is reported as an ingredient of Dobutrex in the following countries:
Dobutamine hydrochloride (a derivative of Dobutamine) is reported as an ingredient of Dobutrex in the following countries:
International Drug Name Search
Naprorex may be available in the countries listed below.
Naproxen is reported as an ingredient of Naprorex in the following countries:
International Drug Name Search
Esorid MPS may be available in the countries listed below.
Cisapride is reported as an ingredient of Esorid MPS in the following countries:
Dimeticone is reported as an ingredient of Esorid MPS in the following countries:
International Drug Name Search
Generic Name: alprostadil (Intraurethral route, Intravenous route, Intracavernosal route)
al-PROS-ta-dil
Apnea is experienced by about 10% to 12% of neonates with congenital heart defects treated with alprostadil injection. Apnea is most often seen in neonates weighing less than 2 kg at birth and usually appears during the first hour of drug infusion. Therefore, respiratory status should be monitored throughout treatment, and alprostadil injection should be used only where ventilatory assistance is immediately available .
In the U.S.
In Canada
Available Dosage Forms:
Therapeutic Class: Erectile Dysfunction Agent
Pharmacologic Class: Prostaglandin
Alprostadil belongs to a group of medicines called vasodilators that can increase blood flow by expanding blood vessels. Alprostadil is used to produce erections in some men who need treatment for erectile dysfunction (sexual impotence). This medicine causes an erection because it increases the blood flow to the penis.
Alprostadil injection should not be used as a sexual aid by men who do not have erectile dysfunction. If the medicine is not used properly, permanent damage to the penis and loss of the ability to have erections could result.
Alprostadil is used alone or with medical tests to help diagnose erectile dysfunction that may be caused by nerve or blood vessel problems in the penis.
Alprostadil is available only with your doctor's prescription.
In deciding to use a medicine, the risks of taking the medicine must be weighed against the good it will do. This is a decision you and your doctor will make. For this medicine, the following should be considered:
Tell your doctor if you have ever had any unusual or allergic reaction to this medicine or any other medicines. Also tell your health care professional if you have any other types of allergies, such as to foods, dyes, preservatives, or animals. For non-prescription products, read the label or package ingredients carefully.
This medicine has been tested and has not been shown to cause different side effects or problems in older people than it does in younger adults.
| Pregnancy Category | Explanation | |
|---|---|---|
| All Trimesters | C | Animal studies have shown an adverse effect and there are no adequate studies in pregnant women OR no animal studies have been conducted and there are no adequate studies in pregnant women. |
There are no adequate studies in women for determining infant risk when using this medication during breastfeeding. Weigh the potential benefits against the potential risks before taking this medication while breastfeeding.
Although certain medicines should not be used together at all, in other cases two different medicines may be used together even if an interaction might occur. In these cases, your doctor may want to change the dose, or other precautions may be necessary. When you are taking this medicine, it is especially important that your healthcare professional know if you are taking any of the medicines listed below. The following interactions have been selected on the basis of their potential significance and are not necessarily all-inclusive.
Using this medicine with any of the following medicines is usually not recommended, but may be required in some cases. If both medicines are prescribed together, your doctor may change the dose or how often you use one or both of the medicines.
Certain medicines should not be used at or around the time of eating food or eating certain types of food since interactions may occur. Using alcohol or tobacco with certain medicines may also cause interactions to occur. Discuss with your healthcare professional the use of your medicine with food, alcohol, or tobacco.
The presence of other medical problems may affect the use of this medicine. Make sure you tell your doctor if you have any other medical problems, especially:
This section provides information on the proper use of a number of products that contain alprostadil. It may not be specific to Muse Micro. Please read with care.
Special patient directions come with the suppositories and some of the injection medicines. Read the directions carefully before using the medicine.
For the injections—There are several alprostadil products that can be injected. Although the injection method is the same, the mixing procedures are different. Be sure you know which of these products you will be using and the proper way to mix the injection.
It is important to follow several steps to prepare your alprostadil injection correctly. Before drawing up the medicine into the syringe:
How to mix Caverject:
How to mix Edex:
How to mix Prostin VR or Prostin VR Pediatric:
How to draw your dose into the syringe (for all injection products):
How to give the alprostadil injection:
Choose a different place of injection each time you use the medicine to prevent skin problems. This includes switching the place of injection from the right side of the penis for one injection to the left side for the next injection.
After a single-use injection is mixed, the medicine must be used immediately. Throw away any unused mixture in the syringe. It cannot be stored for a later injection.
Do not reuse your needles.
How to throw away the syringes and bottles safely:
Dispose of your materials properly. Caverject comes in a plastic case that can be permanently locked with the red locking device that is included with the packaging. When the case label is removed, you can see a hole in the center of the case. The red locking device can be inserted and, by firmly pressing it down with your thumb, you will permanently lock the case. The locked case is safe to be thrown away.
If you do not have the plastic case or are using Prostin VR or Prostin VR Pediatric injection, unscrew the needle from the barrel of the syringe. Then bend, break, or cut the needle into two pieces with wire cutters. The pieces can be placed in a heavy plastic container, such as a bleach container, and thrown away. Or you may give them to a health care professional to throw away. If you have any questions about disposing of the syringe and needles, ask your health care professional.
For suppositories—Before inserting the suppository, you should urinate. The small amount of urine normally left in your urethra will help dissolve the suppository after it is inserted.
How to insert suppositories:
How to throw away the suppository delivery device safely:
For injections or suppositories—This medicine usually begins to work in about 5 to 10 minutes. You should attempt intercourse within 10 to 30 minutes after using the medicine. An erection may continue after ejaculation.
The dose of this medicine will be different for different patients. Follow your doctor's orders or the directions on the label. The following information includes only the average doses of this medicine. If your dose is different, do not change it unless your doctor tells you to do so.
The amount of medicine that you take depends on the strength of the medicine. Also, the number of doses you take each day, the time allowed between doses, and the length of time you take the medicine depend on the medical problem for which you are using the medicine.
Store in the refrigerator. Do not freeze.
You may store the suppositories in the refrigerator, but do not freeze them.
Keep out of the reach of children.
Do not keep outdated medicine or medicine no longer needed.
Alprostadil for Injection while in the powder form can be stored at room temperature (between 15 and 25 °C or 59 and 77 °F) for 3 months. After it is mixed, the solution must be used immediately. Suppositories may be stored at room temperature
Do not use alprostadil if you have a penile implant unless advised by doctor.
If using the alprostadil suppository, use a condom when having sexual intercourse with a pregnant female. Although harm to the fetus is unlikely, using a condom will protect the fetus from exposure to this medicine. If a woman can become pregnant, use of contraceptive methods is recommended because the effects of this medicine on early pregnancy are not known.
Use alprostadil exactly as directed by your doctor . Do not use more of it and do not use it more often than your doctor ordered. If too much is used, the erection lasts too long and does not reverse when it should. This condition is called priapism. If the erection is not reversed, the blood supply to the penis may be cut off and permanent damage may occur.
Contact your doctor immediately if the erection lasts longer than 4 hours or if it becomes painful. This may be a sign of priapism and must be treated right away to prevent permanent damage.
If you notice bleeding at the place where you injected the medicine, put pressure on the spot until the bleeding stops. If it doesn't stop within 10 minutes, check with your doctor.
Along with its needed effects, a medicine may cause some unwanted effects. Although not all of these side effects may occur, if they do occur they may need medical attention.
Check with your doctor immediately if any of the following side effects occur:
Some side effects may occur that usually do not need medical attention. These side effects may go away during treatment as your body adjusts to the medicine. Also, your health care professional may be able to tell you about ways to prevent or reduce some of these side effects. Check with your health care professional if any of the following side effects continue or are bothersome or if you have any questions about them:
Female partners may experience itching or stinging of vagina when you first begin using the alprostadil suppository. These side effects may not be caused from the medicine but may result if female partner has not had frequent or recent sexual intercourse.
Other side effects not listed may also occur in some patients. If you notice any other effects, check with your healthcare professional.
Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to the FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.
See also: Muse Micro side effects (in more detail)
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Disudrin may be available in the countries listed below.
Phenylpropanolamine hydrochloride (a derivative of Phenylpropanolamine) is reported as an ingredient of Disudrin in the following countries:
Pseudoephedrine hydrochloride (a derivative of Pseudoephedrine) is reported as an ingredient of Disudrin in the following countries:
International Drug Name Search
In the US, Calcitriol (calcitriol systemic) is a member of the drug class vitamins and is used to treat Hypocalcemia, Hypoparathyroidism, Renal Osteodystrophy, Rickets and Secondary Hyperparathyroidism.
US matches:
Calcitriol (BAN, DCF, USAN) is known as Calcitriol in the US.
Ergocalciferol is reported as an ingredient of Calcitriol in the following countries:
International Drug Name Search
Glossary
| BAN | British Approved Name |
| DCF | Dénomination Commune Française |
| USAN | United States Adopted Name |
Clidacin may be available in the countries listed below.
Clindamycin dihydrogen phosphate (a derivative of Clindamycin) is reported as an ingredient of Clidacin in the following countries:
International Drug Name Search
Maygace may be available in the countries listed below.
Megestrol 17α-acetate (a derivative of Megestrol) is reported as an ingredient of Maygace in the following countries:
International Drug Name Search
Pilomann EDO may be available in the countries listed below.
Pilocarpine hydrochloride (a derivative of Pilocarpine) is reported as an ingredient of Pilomann EDO in the following countries:
International Drug Name Search
Benzidan may be available in the countries listed below.
Benzydamine hydrochloride (a derivative of Benzydamine) is reported as an ingredient of Benzidan in the following countries:
International Drug Name Search
Completely or partially reversing the effects of narcotics. It may also be used to diagnose overdose of narcotics. It may also be used for other conditions as determined by your doctor.
Narcan is a narcotic antagonist. It works by blocking opiate receptor sites, which reverses or prevents toxic effects of narcotic (opioid) analgesics.
Contact your doctor or health care provider right away if any of these apply to you.
Some medical conditions may interact with Narcan. Tell your doctor or pharmacist if you have any medical conditions, especially if any of the following apply to you:
Some MEDICINES MAY INTERACT with Narcan. However, no specific interactions are known at this time.
Ask your health care provider if Narcan may interact with other medicines that you take. Check with your health care provider before you start, stop, or change the dose of any medicine.
Use Narcan as directed by your doctor. Check the label on the medicine for exact dosing instructions.
Ask your health care provider any questions you may have about how to use Narcan.
If you are addicted to narcotics and are given Narcan, you may experience WITHDRAWAL symptoms, including abnormal skin sensations; anxiety; diarrhea; fever; goose bumps; nausea; pain; rapid heartbeat; rigid muscles; runny nose; seeing, hearing, or feeling things that are not there; shivering or tremors; sneezing; sweating; trouble sleeping; and vomiting.
All medicines may cause side effects, but many people have no, or minor, side effects. Check with your doctor if any of these most COMMON side effects persist or become bothersome:
Change in mood; increased sweating; nausea; nervousness; restlessness; trembling; vomiting.
Severe allergic reactions (rash; hives; itching; difficulty breathing; tightness in the chest; swelling of the mouth, face, lips, or tongue); dizziness; fainting; fast or irregular pulse; flushing; headache; heart rhythm changes; seizures; sudden chest pain.
This is not a complete list of all side effects that may occur. If you have questions about side effects, contact your health care provider. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. To report side effects to the appropriate agency, please read the Guide to Reporting Problems to FDA.
See also: Narcan side effects (in more detail)
Contact 1-800-222-1222 (the American Association of Poison Control Centers), your local poison control center, or emergency room immediately.
Narcan is usually handled and stored by a health care provider. If you are using Narcan at home, store Narcan as directed by your pharmacist or health care provider. Keep Narcan out of the reach of children and away from pets.
This information is a summary only. It does not contain all information about Narcan. If you have questions about the medicine you are taking or would like more information, check with your doctor, pharmacist, or other health care provider.
Cexb may be available in the countries listed below.
Celecoxib is reported as an ingredient of Cexb in the following countries:
International Drug Name Search
Differin Gel 0.1% w/w
Adapalene 0.1% w/w
For excipients, see 6.1
Topical Gel
A smooth white gel
Differin Gel is proposed for the cutaneous treatment of mild to moderate acne where comedones, papules and pustules predominate. Acne of the face, chest or back is appropriate for treatment.
Differin Gel should be applied to the acne affected areas once a day before retiring and after washing. A thin film of gel should be applied, with the fingertips, avoiding the eyes and lips (see 4.4 Special Warnings and Special Precautions for Use, below). Ensure that the affected areas are dry before application.
Since it is customary to alternate therapies in the treatment of acne, it is recommended that the physician assess the continued improvement of the patient after three months of treatment with Differin Gel.
With patients for whom it is necessary to reduce the frequency of application or to temporarily discontinue treatment, frequency of application may be restored or therapy resumed once it is judged that the patient can again tolerate the treatment.
If patients use cosmetics, these should be non-comedogenic and non-astringent.
The safety and effectiveness of Differin Gel have not been studied in children below 12 years of age. Differin gel should not be used in patients with severe acne.
Hypersensitivity to any ingredient of the product.
If a reaction suggesting sensitivity or severe irritation occurs, use of the medication should be discontinued. If the degree of local irritation warrants, patients should be directed to use the medication less frequently, to discontinue use temporarily, or to discontinue use altogether. Differin Gel should not come into contact with the eyes, mouth, nostrils or mucous membranes.
If product enters the eye, wash immediately with warm water. The product should not be applied to either broken (cut and abrasions) or eczematous skin, nor should it be used in patients with severe acne involving large areas of the body.
The excipient propylene glycol (E1520) may cause skin irritation and methyl parahydroxybenzoate (E218) may cause allergic reactions which can possibly be delayed.
There are no known interactions with other medications which might be used cutaneously and concurrently with Differin Gel, however, other retinoids or drugs with a similar mode of action should not be used concurrently with adapalene.
Adapalene is essentially stable to oxygen and light and is chemically non-reactive. Whilst extensive studies in animals and man have shown neither phototoxic nor photoallergic potential for adapalene, the safety of using adapalene during repeated exposure to sunlight or UV irradiation has not been established in either animals or man. Exposure to excessive sunlight or UV irradiation should be avoided.
Absorption of adapalene through human skin is low (see 5.2 Pharmacokinetic Properties) and therefore interaction with systemic medications is unlikely. There is no evidence that the efficacy of oral drugs such as contraceptives and antibiotics is influenced by the cutaneous use of Differin Gel.
Differin Gel has a potential for mild local irritation, and therefore it is possible that concomitant use of peeling agents, abrasive cleansers, strong drying agents, astringents or irritant products (aromatic and alcoholic agents) may produce additive irritant effects. However, cutaneous antiacne treatment (eg erythromycin up to 4%) or clindamycin phosphate (1% as the base) solutions or benzoyl peroxide water based gels up to 10% may be used in the morning when Differin Gel is used at night as there is no mutual degradation or cumulative irritation.
Pregnancy:
Animal studies by the oral route have shown reproductive toxicity at high systemic exposure (see section 5.3). Clinical experience with locally applied adapalene in pregnancy is limited but the few available data do not indicate harmful effects on pregnancy or on the health of the foetus exposed in early pregnancy. Due to the limited available data and because a very weak cutaneous passage of adapalene is possible, Differin should not be used during pregnancy. In case of unexpected pregnancy, treatment should be discontinued.
Lactation:
No study on animal or human milk transfer was conducted after cutaneous application of Differin. No effects on the suckling child are anticipated since the systemic exposure of the breast-feeding woman to Differin is negligible.
Differin can be used during breastfeeding. To avoid contact exposure of the infant, application of Differin to the chest should be avoided when used during breast-feeding.
Based upon the pharmodynamic profile and clinical experience, performance related to driving and using machines should not be affected.
Differin may cause the following adverse drug reactions:
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*Post marketing surveillance data
Differin Gel is not to be taken orally and is for cutaneous use only. If the medication is applied excessively, no more rapid or better results will be obtained and marked redness, peeling or discomfort may occur.
The acute oral dose of Differin Gel required to produce toxic effects in mice is greater that 10 mg/kg. Nevertheless, unless the amount accidentally ingested is small, an appropriate method of gastric emptying should be considered.
Adapalene is a retinoid-like compound which in, in vivo and in vitro models of inflammation, has been demonstrated to possess anti-inflammatory properties. Adapalene is essentially stable to oxygen and light and is chemically non-reactive. Mechanically, adapalene binds like tretinoin to specific retinoic acid nuclear receptors but, unlike tretinoin not to cytosolic receptor binding proteins.
Adapalene applied cutaneously is comedolytic in the rhino mouse model and also has effects on the abnormal processes of epidermal keratinization and differentiation, both of which are present in the pathogenesis of acne vulgaris. The mode of action of adapalene is suggested to be a normalisation of differentiation of follicular epithelial cells resulting in decreased microcomedone formation.
Adapalene is superior to reference retinoids in standard anti-inflammatory assays, both in vivo and in vitro. Mechanistically, it inhibits chemotactic and chemokinetic responses of human polymorphonuclear leucocytes and also the metabolism by lipoxidation of arachidonic acid to pro-inflammatory mediators. This profile suggests that the cell mediated inflammatory component of acne may be modified by adapalene.
Absorption of adapalene through human skin is low, in clinical trial measurable plasma adapalene levels where not found following chronic cutaneous application to large areas of acneic skin with an analytical sensitivity of 0.15 ng/ml.
After administration of [ 14C] adapalene in rats (IV, IP, oral and cutaneous), rabbits (IV, oral and cutaneous) and dogs (IV and oral), radioactivity was distributed in several tissues, the highest levels being found in liver, spleen, adrenals and ovaries. Metabolism in animals has been tentatively identified as being mainly by O-demethylation, hydroxylation and conjugation, and excretion is primarily by the biliary route.
In animal studies, adapalene was well tolerated on cutaneous application for periods of up to six months in rabbits and for up to two years in mice. The major symptom of toxicity found in all animal species by the oral route were related to a hypervitaminosis A syndrome, and included bone dissolution, elevated alkaline phosphatase and a slight anaemia. Large oral doses of adapalene produced no adverse neurological, caridovascular or respiratory effects in animals. Adapalene is not mutagenic. Lifetime studies with adapalene have been completed in mice at cutaneous doses of 0.6,2 and 6 mg/kg/day and in rats at oral doses of 0.15, 0.5 and 1.5 mg/kg/day. The only significant finding was a statistically significant increase of benign phaeochromocytomas of the adrenal medulla among male rats receiving adapalene at 1.5 mg/kg/day. These changes are unlikely to be of relevance to the cutaneous use of adapalene.
Adapalene produces teratogenic effects by the oral route in rats and rabbits. At cutaneous doses up to 200-fold the therapeutic dose, producing circulating plasma levels of adapalene at least 35 to 120 times higher than plasma levels demonstrated in therapeutic use, adapalene increased the incidence of additional ribs in rats and rabbits, without increasing the incidence of major malformations.
It is not known whether adapalene is secreted in animal or human milk. In animal studies, infant rats suckled by mother with circukating levels of adapalene at least 300 times those demonstrated in clinical use developed normally.
Carbomer 940
Propylene Glycol (E1520)
Poloxamer 182
Disodium Edetate
Methyl Parahydroxybenzoate (E218)
Phenoxyethanol
Sodium Hydroxide
Purified Water
None Known
The shelf life expiry date for this product shall not exceed three years from the date of its manufacture.
Do not store above 25ºC.
Do not freeze.
Keep out of the reach and sight of children
White LDPE tube with white PP screw cap. Pack size 30g, 45g & 50g
A thin film of the gel should be applied, avoiding eyes, lips and mucous membranes
Galderma (UK) Limited
Meridien House
69-71 Clarendon Road
Watford
Herts.
WD17 1DS
UK
PL 10590/0015
4th October 1995
May 2009
Generic Name: codeine and guaifenesin (KOE deen and gwye FEN a sin)
Brand Names: Allfen CD, Allfen CDX, Brontex, Cheracol with Codeine, Cheratussin AC, Dex-Tuss, Diabetic Tussin C, Duraganidin NR, ExeClear-C, Guaiatussin AC, Guaifen-C, Guiatuss AC, Guiatussin with Codeine, Iophen-C NR, M-Clear WC, Mar-cof CG, Mytussin AC, Robafen AC, Robitussin-AC, Tussi-Organidin NR, Tussi-Organidin-S NR, Tussiden C, Tusso-C
Codeine is in a group of drugs called narcotics. It is a cough suppressant that affects the signals in the brain that trigger cough reflex.
Guaifenesin is an expectorant. It helps loosen mucus congestion in your chest and throat, making it easier to cough out through your mouth.
The combination of codeine and guaifenesin is used to treat cough and to reduce chest congestion caused by upper respiratory infections or the common cold.
Codeine and guaifenesin may also be used for other purposes not listed in this medication guide.
To make sure you can safely take codeine and guaifenesin, tell your doctor if you have any of these other conditions:
heart disease, heart rhythm disorder;
asthma, COPD, emphysema, or other breathing disorders;
a history of head injury or brain tumor;
epilepsy or other seizure disorder;
a stomach or intestinal disorder;
Addison's disease or other adrenal gland disorders;
curvature of the spine;
a thyroid disorder;
enlarged prostate; or
a history of depression, mental illness, or drug addiction;
Liquid forms of this medication may contain sugar or artificial sweetener (phenylalanine). Talk to your doctor before using this form of codeine and guaifenesin if you have diabetes or phenylketonuria (PKU).
Take exactly as prescribed by your doctor. Do not take in larger or smaller amounts or for longer than recommended. Follow the directions on your prescription label. Cough or cold medicine is usually taken only for a short time until your symptoms clear up.
Measure liquid medicine with a special dose-measuring spoon or cup, not a regular table spoon. If you do not have a dose-measuring device, ask your pharmacist for one.
This medication can cause unusual results with certain medical tests. Tell any doctor who treats you that you are using codeine and guaifenesin.
Keep track of the amount of medicine used from each new bottle. Codeine is a drug of abuse and you should be aware if anyone is using your medicine improperly or without a prescription.
Since cough medicine is taken when needed, you may not be on a dosing schedule. If you are taking the medication regularly, take the missed dose as soon as you remember. Skip the missed dose if it is almost time for your next scheduled dose. Do not take extra medicine to make up the missed dose.
Overdose symptoms may include extreme dizziness or drowsiness, nausea, vomiting, sweating, confusion, hallucinations, cold and clammy skin, blue-colored lips or fingernails, weak or limp muscles, pinpoint pupils, weak pulse, slow breathing, fainting, or seizures (convulsions).
severe dizziness or drowsiness;
confusion, hallucinations, unusual thoughts or behavior;
urinating less than usual or not at all; or
slow heart rate, weak pulse, fainting, weak or shallow breathing.
Less serious side effects include:
dizziness, drowsiness, headache;
warmth, redness, or tingling under your skin;
nausea, vomiting, upset stomach;
constipation; or
skin rash or itching.
This is not a complete list of side effects and others may occur. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.
Also tell your doctor if you are using any of the following drugs:
cimetidine (Tagamet);
quinidine (Quin-G);
naloxone (Narcan); or
naltrexone (Vivitrol).
This list is not complete and other drugs may interact with codeine and guaifenesin. Tell your doctor about all medications you use. This includes prescription, over-the-counter, vitamin, and herbal products. Do not start a new medication without telling your doctor.
See also: Robafen AC side effects (in more detail)
Cetricon may be available in the countries listed below.
Chlorphenamine maleate (a derivative of Chlorphenamine) is reported as an ingredient of Cetricon in the following countries:
International Drug Name Search
Ceftiomax may be available in the countries listed below.
In some countries, this medicine may only be approved for veterinary use.
Ceftiofur hydrochloride (a derivative of Ceftiofur) is reported as an ingredient of Ceftiomax in the following countries:
International Drug Name Search
Treating painful and irritating symptoms of the urinary tract due to urinary tract infections or diagnostic procedures.
Hyoscyamine/Methenamine/Methylene Blue/Phenyl Salicylate/Sodium Phosphate is a urinary antiseptic, urinary acidifier, analgesic, and anticholinergic combination. It works by helping to kill bacteria in the urine, decreasing pain and inflammation, and reducing muscle spasms in the urinary tract. These actions work together to help relieve discomfort while urinating.
Contact your doctor or health care provider right away if any of these apply to you.
Some medical conditions may interact with Hyoscyamine/Methenamine/Methylene Blue/Phenyl Salicylate/Sodium Phosphate. Tell your doctor or pharmacist if you have any medical conditions, especially if any of the following apply to you:
Some MEDICINES MAY INTERACT with Hyoscyamine/Methenamine/Methylene Blue/Phenyl Salicylate/Sodium Phosphate. Tell your health care provider if you are taking any other medicines, especially any of the following:
This may not be a complete list of all interactions that may occur. Ask your health care provider if Hyoscyamine/Methenamine/Methylene Blue/Phenyl Salicylate/Sodium Phosphate may interact with other medicines that you take. Check with your health care provider before you start, stop, or change the dose of any medicine.
Use Hyoscyamine/Methenamine/Methylene Blue/Phenyl Salicylate/Sodium Phosphate as directed by your doctor. Check the label on the medicine for exact dosing instructions.
Ask your health care provider any questions you may have about how to use Hyoscyamine/Methenamine/Methylene Blue/Phenyl Salicylate/Sodium Phosphate.
All medicines may cause side effects, but many people have no, or minor, side effects. Check with your doctor if any of these most COMMON side effects persist or become bothersome:
Dry mouth; flushing; nausea; vomiting.
Severe allergic reactions (rash; hives; itching; difficulty breathing; tightness in the chest; swelling of the mouth, face, lips, or tongue); blurred vision; difficulty urinating; dizziness; fast or irregular heartbeat.
This is not a complete list of all side effects that may occur. If you have questions about side effects, contact your health care provider. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. To report side effects to the appropriate agency, please read the Guide to Reporting Problems to FDA.
Contact 1-800-222-1222 (the American Association of Poison Control Centers), your local poison control center, or emergency room immediately.
Store Hyoscyamine/Methenamine/Methylene Blue/Phenyl Salicylate/Sodium Phosphate between 68 and 77 degrees F (20 and 25 degrees C). Brief storage at temperatures between 59 and 86 degrees F (15 and 30 degrees C) is permitted. Store away from heat, moisture, and light. Do not store in the bathroom. Keep Hyoscyamine/Methenamine/Methylene Blue/Phenyl Salicylate/Sodium Phosphate out of the reach of children and away from pets.
This information is a summary only. It does not contain all information about Hyoscyamine/Methenamine/Methylene Blue/Phenyl Salicylate/Sodium Phosphate. If you have questions about the medicine you are taking or would like more information, check with your doctor, pharmacist, or other health care provider.
